TY - JOUR

T1 - Cancer risk and temporal trends in people with HIV during a quarter of a century – a nationwide population-based matched cohort study

AU - Omland, Lars H.

AU - Gerstoft, Jan

AU - Kronborg, Gitte

AU - Johansen, Isik S.

AU - Larsen, Carsten S.

AU - Wiese, Lothar

AU - Dalager-Pedersen, Michael

AU - Leth, Steffen

AU - Obel, Niels

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Society for Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Background: It is important to understand current trends in cancer risk among people living with HIV (PLWH) to improve outcomes and to commission and delivery appropriate services. Methods: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study on all adult PLWH treated at Danish HIV health care centres since 1 January 1995 and a comparison cohort, randomly selected from the background population and matched on sex and date of birth. Results: We included 6327 PLWH and 63,270 individuals in the comparison cohort − 74% were men and median age was 37 (interquartile range: 30–46). For both smoking related cancers, virological cancers and other cancers, incidence was substantially higher in the first year of observation for PLWH than for the remaining observation period. The risk of smoking related cancer remained stably increased throughout the observation period, whereas the relative risk of virological cancers decreased, especially in the first year of follow up. Finally, the risk of other cancers for PLWH decreased to a level below that of the background population during the study period. Conclusion: The fact that the risk of other cancers was probably not higher among PLWH than in the comparison cohort is encouraging, as the excess risk of virological and smoking related cancers is potentially preventable by timely treatment of HIV and smoking cessation.

AB - Background: It is important to understand current trends in cancer risk among people living with HIV (PLWH) to improve outcomes and to commission and delivery appropriate services. Methods: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study on all adult PLWH treated at Danish HIV health care centres since 1 January 1995 and a comparison cohort, randomly selected from the background population and matched on sex and date of birth. Results: We included 6327 PLWH and 63,270 individuals in the comparison cohort − 74% were men and median age was 37 (interquartile range: 30–46). For both smoking related cancers, virological cancers and other cancers, incidence was substantially higher in the first year of observation for PLWH than for the remaining observation period. The risk of smoking related cancer remained stably increased throughout the observation period, whereas the relative risk of virological cancers decreased, especially in the first year of follow up. Finally, the risk of other cancers for PLWH decreased to a level below that of the background population during the study period. Conclusion: The fact that the risk of other cancers was probably not higher among PLWH than in the comparison cohort is encouraging, as the excess risk of virological and smoking related cancers is potentially preventable by timely treatment of HIV and smoking cessation.

KW - cancer incidence

KW - HIV

KW - prognosis

U2 - 10.1080/23744235.2023.2260864

DO - 10.1080/23744235.2023.2260864

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37755422

AN - SCOPUS:85173121378

VL - 56

SP - 11

EP - 18

JO - Infectious Diseases

JF - Infectious Diseases

SN - 2374-4235

IS - 1

ER -