Cancer risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with janus kinase inhibitors: a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study
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Cancer risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with janus kinase inhibitors : a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study. / Westermann, Rasmus; Cordtz, René Lindholm; Duch, Kirsten; Mellemkjaer, Lene; Hetland, Merete Lund; Burden, Andrea Michelle; Dreyer, Lene.
I: Rheumatology (Oxford, England), Bind 63, Nr. 1, 2024, s. 93-102.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Cancer risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with janus kinase inhibitors
T2 - a nationwide Danish register-based cohort study
AU - Westermann, Rasmus
AU - Cordtz, René Lindholm
AU - Duch, Kirsten
AU - Mellemkjaer, Lene
AU - Hetland, Merete Lund
AU - Burden, Andrea Michelle
AU - Dreyer, Lene
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the risk of first primary cancer in patients with RA treated with janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) compared with those who received biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) in a real-world setting. METHODS: We performed an observational cohort study using the nationwide registers in Denmark. Patients with RA aged 18+ years, without a previous cancer diagnosis, and who initiated treatment with JAKi or bDMARDs from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 were followed for any cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer). We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to account for covariate differences between treatment groups. IPTW-generated weights were used with cause-specific Cox (CSC) models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer incidence in JAKi-treated compared with bDMARD-treated patients with RA. RESULTS: We identified 875 and 4247 RA patients treated with JAKi and bDMARDs, respectively. The JAKi group contributed 1315 person years (PYRS) and 19 cancers, the bDMARD group contributed 8597 PYRS and 111 cancers, with corresponding crude incidence rates per 1000 PYRS of 14.4 and 12.9. Comparing the two groups using weighted CSC models, a HR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.76, 2.37, 95% CIs) was seen for JAKi- vs bDMARD-treated patients with RA. CONCLUSION: JAKi treatment in real-world patients with RA was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of first primary cancer compared with those who received bDMARDs. However, several numerically increased risk estimates were detected, and a clinically important excess risk of cancer among JAKi recipients cannot be dismissed.
AB - OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the risk of first primary cancer in patients with RA treated with janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) compared with those who received biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) in a real-world setting. METHODS: We performed an observational cohort study using the nationwide registers in Denmark. Patients with RA aged 18+ years, without a previous cancer diagnosis, and who initiated treatment with JAKi or bDMARDs from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 were followed for any cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer). We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to account for covariate differences between treatment groups. IPTW-generated weights were used with cause-specific Cox (CSC) models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer incidence in JAKi-treated compared with bDMARD-treated patients with RA. RESULTS: We identified 875 and 4247 RA patients treated with JAKi and bDMARDs, respectively. The JAKi group contributed 1315 person years (PYRS) and 19 cancers, the bDMARD group contributed 8597 PYRS and 111 cancers, with corresponding crude incidence rates per 1000 PYRS of 14.4 and 12.9. Comparing the two groups using weighted CSC models, a HR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.76, 2.37, 95% CIs) was seen for JAKi- vs bDMARD-treated patients with RA. CONCLUSION: JAKi treatment in real-world patients with RA was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of first primary cancer compared with those who received bDMARDs. However, several numerically increased risk estimates were detected, and a clinically important excess risk of cancer among JAKi recipients cannot be dismissed.
KW - biologics
KW - cancer
KW - Janus kinase inhibitors
KW - malignancy
KW - RA
KW - real-world evidence
U2 - 10.1093/rheumatology/kead163
DO - 10.1093/rheumatology/kead163
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37052534
AN - SCOPUS:85167983473
VL - 63
SP - 93
EP - 102
JO - Rheumatology
JF - Rheumatology
SN - 1462-0324
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 379653555