TY - GEN

T1 - Seed-borne viruses detected on farm-retained seeds from smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh and Vietnam

AU - Manyangarirwa, W.

AU - Sibiya, J.

AU - Mortensen, C A Nieves Paulino

N1 - Conference code: 2

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - The smallholder farming sector in much of the developing world relies on the use of farm-retained seed. The availability of good quality disease free seed is important in enhancing food security but seed-borne viruses can be a major problem on farm-retained seed. Seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), paprika (Capsicum annuum L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), bambara [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh and Vietnam were tested for seed-borne viruses using various techniques including electron microscopy, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and biological assays. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was detected in 36% of tomato samples and in 8% of paprika samples using indicator Nicotiana tabacum cultivars Xanthinc and White Burley. Some 43% of cowpea samples were infected with Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) and 7% were infected with the Blackeye cowpea mosaic strain of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV-BlCM). Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) was detected with an infection range of 5.4%- 12.5% in bambara samples tested using indirect antigen-first ELISA, indicator IITA cowpea lines Tvu 3433, Tvu 1582, Tvu 401 and Tvu 2657 and Phaseolus vulgaris cultivar Topcrop. No viruses were detected in the peanut samples. The lack of a broad range of serological antisera limited the number of viruses tested but results show that the bulk of the samples were infected with seed-borne viruses. The results imply that resources must be invested in improving the quality of seed from the smallholder sector. National and international germplasm collection centres should be equipped with capacity to test for seed-borne viruses so as to minimize the movement of infected germplasm in breeding materials or germplasm exchange in international collections.

AB - The smallholder farming sector in much of the developing world relies on the use of farm-retained seed. The availability of good quality disease free seed is important in enhancing food security but seed-borne viruses can be a major problem on farm-retained seed. Seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), paprika (Capsicum annuum L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), bambara [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh and Vietnam were tested for seed-borne viruses using various techniques including electron microscopy, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and biological assays. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) was detected in 36% of tomato samples and in 8% of paprika samples using indicator Nicotiana tabacum cultivars Xanthinc and White Burley. Some 43% of cowpea samples were infected with Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) and 7% were infected with the Blackeye cowpea mosaic strain of Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV-BlCM). Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) was detected with an infection range of 5.4%- 12.5% in bambara samples tested using indirect antigen-first ELISA, indicator IITA cowpea lines Tvu 3433, Tvu 1582, Tvu 401 and Tvu 2657 and Phaseolus vulgaris cultivar Topcrop. No viruses were detected in the peanut samples. The lack of a broad range of serological antisera limited the number of viruses tested but results show that the bulk of the samples were infected with seed-borne viruses. The results imply that resources must be invested in improving the quality of seed from the smallholder sector. National and international germplasm collection centres should be equipped with capacity to test for seed-borne viruses so as to minimize the movement of infected germplasm in breeding materials or germplasm exchange in international collections.

KW - BRIC

KW - Detection

KW - farm-retained seed

KW - smallholder farmers

M3 - Article in proceedings

SP - 1063

EP - 1069

BT - Second RUFORUM Biennual Regional Conference 2010

T2 - Second RUFORUM Biennial Meeting

Y2 - 20 September 2010 through 24 September 2010

ER -