Increasing experimental evidence points to direct effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs on the heart and circulatory system, in addition to the well-established, antidiabetic actions of these agents on glucose and on the energy metabolism. These effects are primarily vasodilation, diminished heart muscle loss after myocardial infarction and a contractility increase of a weak left ventricle. A few, small patient trials appear to support the latter effect. Experimental results suggest the myocardium-saving effect following coronary occlusion and reperfusion as particularly suitable for clinical testing.