TY - JOUR

T1 - Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with common variable immunodeficiency and a matched control group

T2 - A Danish nationwide cohort study

AU - Katzenstein, Terese L.

AU - Rasmussen, Line D.

AU - Drabe, Camilla Helberg

AU - Larsen, Carsten Schade

AU - Hansen, Ann-Brit Eg

AU - Stærkind, Mette

AU - Knudsen, Lene Surland

AU - Hansen, Christian Holm

AU - Obel, Niels

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Katzenstein, Rasmussen, Drabe, Larsen, Hansen, Stærkind, Knudsen, Hansen and Obel.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - The risk of severe adult respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the course of the infection among individuals with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) relative to the general population have been a matter of debate. We conducted a Danish nationwide study comparing the timing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, the risk of first confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, re-infection, and the outcome of infection among individuals with CVID relative to an age- and gender matched control group. Cox regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios. The CVID patients received SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations earlier than those included in the population control group. Even so, the risks of both first infection and re-infection were increased among the individuals with CVID. The CVID group also had increased risk for hospital contacts due to SARS-CoV-2 infection relative to the general population. However, reassuringly, the risk of mechanical ventilation and death did not differ between the groups, but the numbers were low in both groups, making the estimates uncertain. Though this is the largest study to investigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections and outcomes hereof among individuals with CVID relative to the general population, we cannot rule out minor differences in severity, which might only be detectable with an even larger sample size.

AB - The risk of severe adult respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the course of the infection among individuals with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) relative to the general population have been a matter of debate. We conducted a Danish nationwide study comparing the timing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, the risk of first confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, re-infection, and the outcome of infection among individuals with CVID relative to an age- and gender matched control group. Cox regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios. The CVID patients received SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations earlier than those included in the population control group. Even so, the risks of both first infection and re-infection were increased among the individuals with CVID. The CVID group also had increased risk for hospital contacts due to SARS-CoV-2 infection relative to the general population. However, reassuringly, the risk of mechanical ventilation and death did not differ between the groups, but the numbers were low in both groups, making the estimates uncertain. Though this is the largest study to investigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections and outcomes hereof among individuals with CVID relative to the general population, we cannot rule out minor differences in severity, which might only be detectable with an even larger sample size.

KW - clinical outcome

KW - common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

KW - inborn errors of immunity (IEI)

KW - severe adult respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)

KW - severe novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)

U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994253

DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994253

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 36211430

AN - SCOPUS:85139413953

VL - 13

JO - Frontiers in Immunology

JF - Frontiers in Immunology

SN - 1664-3224

M1 - 994253

ER -