Feedback is in demand by medical students, supervisors, educational researchers and universities, but clinicians' theoretical knowledge about feedback and learning is limited. In this review, we 1) present various feedback forms and learning theories such as peer feedback, formative and summative feedback, feedback loops, feedforward and self-regulated learning, 2) exemplify how feedback loops can be used in medical education activities, and 3) provide insight into how medical students perceive feedback loops with peer, and how supervisor feedback affects their learning in a paediatric outpatient clinic.