Pharmaceutical blockade of immune checkpoint inhibitors has become a cornerstone in the treatment of several malignancies. Many patients experience immune-related adverse events [Citation1]. However, treatment-related development or reactivation of infectious disease is rarely reported. Here, we present a patient with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who developed tuberculosis (TB) following treatment with nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody.