The Growing Challenge of Chronic Kidney Disease: An Overview of Current Knowledge
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The Growing Challenge of Chronic Kidney Disease : An Overview of Current Knowledge. / Borg, Rikke; Carlson, Nicholas; Sondergaard, Jens; Persson, Frederik.
In: International Journal of Nephrology, Vol. 2023, 9609266, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Growing Challenge of Chronic Kidney Disease
T2 - An Overview of Current Knowledge
AU - Borg, Rikke
AU - Carlson, Nicholas
AU - Sondergaard, Jens
AU - Persson, Frederik
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming one of the world's most prevalent noncommunicable chronic diseases. The World Health Organization projects CKD to become the 5th most common chronic disease in 2040. Causes of CKD are multifactorial and diverse, but early-stage symptoms are often few and silent. Progression rates are highly variable, but patients encounter both an increased risk for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) as well as increased cardiovascular risk. End-stage kidney disease incidence is generally low, but every single case carries a significant burden of illness and healthcare costs, making prevention by early intervention both desirable and worthwhile. This review focuses on the prevalence, diagnosis, and causes of CKD. In addition, we discuss the developments in the general treatment of CKD, with particular attention to what can be initiated in general practice. With the addition of recent landmark findings and the expansion of the indication for using sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, there are now new effective treatments to add to standard therapy. This will also be relevant for primary care physicians as many patients with CKD have their family physician as their primary health care professional handling kidney function preservation. In the future, more precise and less invasive diagnostic methods may not only improve the determination of the underlying cause of CKD but may also carry information regarding which treatment to use (i.e. personalized medicine). This could lead to a reduced number of preventive treatments per individual, while at the same time improving the prognosis. This review summarizes ongoing efforts in this area.
AB - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming one of the world's most prevalent noncommunicable chronic diseases. The World Health Organization projects CKD to become the 5th most common chronic disease in 2040. Causes of CKD are multifactorial and diverse, but early-stage symptoms are often few and silent. Progression rates are highly variable, but patients encounter both an increased risk for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) as well as increased cardiovascular risk. End-stage kidney disease incidence is generally low, but every single case carries a significant burden of illness and healthcare costs, making prevention by early intervention both desirable and worthwhile. This review focuses on the prevalence, diagnosis, and causes of CKD. In addition, we discuss the developments in the general treatment of CKD, with particular attention to what can be initiated in general practice. With the addition of recent landmark findings and the expansion of the indication for using sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, there are now new effective treatments to add to standard therapy. This will also be relevant for primary care physicians as many patients with CKD have their family physician as their primary health care professional handling kidney function preservation. In the future, more precise and less invasive diagnostic methods may not only improve the determination of the underlying cause of CKD but may also carry information regarding which treatment to use (i.e. personalized medicine). This could lead to a reduced number of preventive treatments per individual, while at the same time improving the prognosis. This review summarizes ongoing efforts in this area.
KW - POST-HOC ANALYSIS
KW - CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
KW - DIABETIC-NEPHROPATHY
KW - URINARY PROTEOMICS
KW - BLOOD-PRESSURE
KW - GLOBAL BURDEN
KW - RENAL-DISEASE
KW - OUTCOMES
KW - CKD
KW - ALBUMINURIA
U2 - 10.1155/2023/9609266
DO - 10.1155/2023/9609266
M3 - Review
C2 - 36908289
VL - 2023
JO - International Journal of Nephrology
JF - International Journal of Nephrology
SN - 2090-214X
M1 - 9609266
ER -
ID: 341281356