SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics over time and risk factors associated with infection and long COVID-19 symptoms in large working environments
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SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics over time and risk factors associated with infection and long COVID-19 symptoms in large working environments. / Hansen, Cecilie Bo; Dvoncova, Kristina; Pérez-Alós, Laura; Fogh, Kamille; Madsen, Johannes Roth; Garred, Caroline Hartwell; Jarlhelt, Ida; Nielsen, Pernille Brok; Petersen, Steffan Svejgaard; Fjordager, Charlotte Gandsø; Lauritsen, Klara Tølbøll; Hilsted, Linda; Boding, Lasse; Iversen, Kasper Karmark; Hyveled, Liselotte; Garred, Peter.
In: Journal of Internal Medicine, Vol. 293, No. 6, 2023, p. 763-781.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics over time and risk factors associated with infection and long COVID-19 symptoms in large working environments
AU - Hansen, Cecilie Bo
AU - Dvoncova, Kristina
AU - Pérez-Alós, Laura
AU - Fogh, Kamille
AU - Madsen, Johannes Roth
AU - Garred, Caroline Hartwell
AU - Jarlhelt, Ida
AU - Nielsen, Pernille Brok
AU - Petersen, Steffan Svejgaard
AU - Fjordager, Charlotte Gandsø
AU - Lauritsen, Klara Tølbøll
AU - Hilsted, Linda
AU - Boding, Lasse
AU - Iversen, Kasper Karmark
AU - Hyveled, Liselotte
AU - Garred, Peter
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: Factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics, transmission, waning and long COVID-19 symptomatology are still not fully understood. Methods: In the Danish section of the Novo Nordisk Group, we performed a prospective seroepidemiological study during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. All employees and their household members (>18 years) were invited to participate in a baseline (June–August 2020), 6-month follow-up (December 2020–January 2021), and 12-month follow-up (August 2021) sampling. In total, 18,614 accepted and provided at least one blood sample and completed a questionnaire regarding socioeconomic background, health status, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and persistent symptoms. Total antibody and specific IgM, IgG and IgA levels against recombinant receptor binding domain were tested. Results: At baseline, the SARS-CoV-2-antibody seroprevalence was 3.9%. At 6-month follow-up, the seroprevalence was 9.1%, while at 12-month follow-up, the seroprevalence was 94.4% (after the vaccine roll-out). Male sex and younger age (18–40 years) were significant risk factors for seropositivity. From baseline to the 6-month sampling, we observed a substantial waning of IgM, IgG and IgA levels (p < 0.001), regardless of age, sex and initial antibody level. An increased antibody level was found in individuals infected prior to vaccination compared to vaccinated infection naïves (p < 0.0001). Approximately a third of the seropositive individuals reported one or more persistent COVID-19 symptoms, with anosmia and/or ageusia (17.5%) and fatigue (15.3%) being the most prevalent. Conclusion: The study provides a comprehensive insight into SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence following infection and vaccination, waning, persistent COVID-19 symptomatology and risk factors for seropositivity in large working environments.
AB - Background: Factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics, transmission, waning and long COVID-19 symptomatology are still not fully understood. Methods: In the Danish section of the Novo Nordisk Group, we performed a prospective seroepidemiological study during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. All employees and their household members (>18 years) were invited to participate in a baseline (June–August 2020), 6-month follow-up (December 2020–January 2021), and 12-month follow-up (August 2021) sampling. In total, 18,614 accepted and provided at least one blood sample and completed a questionnaire regarding socioeconomic background, health status, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and persistent symptoms. Total antibody and specific IgM, IgG and IgA levels against recombinant receptor binding domain were tested. Results: At baseline, the SARS-CoV-2-antibody seroprevalence was 3.9%. At 6-month follow-up, the seroprevalence was 9.1%, while at 12-month follow-up, the seroprevalence was 94.4% (after the vaccine roll-out). Male sex and younger age (18–40 years) were significant risk factors for seropositivity. From baseline to the 6-month sampling, we observed a substantial waning of IgM, IgG and IgA levels (p < 0.001), regardless of age, sex and initial antibody level. An increased antibody level was found in individuals infected prior to vaccination compared to vaccinated infection naïves (p < 0.0001). Approximately a third of the seropositive individuals reported one or more persistent COVID-19 symptoms, with anosmia and/or ageusia (17.5%) and fatigue (15.3%) being the most prevalent. Conclusion: The study provides a comprehensive insight into SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence following infection and vaccination, waning, persistent COVID-19 symptomatology and risk factors for seropositivity in large working environments.
KW - antibody
KW - infection
KW - long COVID
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - transmission
KW - waning
KW - working environment
U2 - 10.1111/joim.13637
DO - 10.1111/joim.13637
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37024264
AN - SCOPUS:85153222021
VL - 293
SP - 763
EP - 781
JO - Journal of Internal Medicine
JF - Journal of Internal Medicine
SN - 0955-7873
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 359856809