Executive Control and Associated Brain Activity in Children With Familial High-Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder: A Danish Register-based Study
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Executive Control and Associated Brain Activity in Children With Familial High-Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder : A Danish Register-based Study. / Johnsen, Line Korsgaard; Larsen, Kit Melissa; Fuglsang, Søren Asp; van Themaat, Anna Hester Ver Loren; Baaré, William Frans Christiaan; Madsen, Kathrine Skak; Madsen, Kristoffer Hougaard; Hemager, Nicoline; Andreassen, Anna Krogh; Veddum, Lotte; Greve, Aja Neergaard; Nejad, Ayna Baladi; Burton, Birgitte Klee; Gregersen, Maja; Eichele, Heike; Lund, Torben E.; Bliksted, Vibeke; Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard; Mors, Ole; Plessen, Kerstin Jessica; Nordentoft, Merete; Siebner, Hartwig Roman.
In: Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 50, No. 3, 2024, p. 567-578.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Executive Control and Associated Brain Activity in Children With Familial High-Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder
T2 - A Danish Register-based Study
AU - Johnsen, Line Korsgaard
AU - Larsen, Kit Melissa
AU - Fuglsang, Søren Asp
AU - van Themaat, Anna Hester Ver Loren
AU - Baaré, William Frans Christiaan
AU - Madsen, Kathrine Skak
AU - Madsen, Kristoffer Hougaard
AU - Hemager, Nicoline
AU - Andreassen, Anna Krogh
AU - Veddum, Lotte
AU - Greve, Aja Neergaard
AU - Nejad, Ayna Baladi
AU - Burton, Birgitte Klee
AU - Gregersen, Maja
AU - Eichele, Heike
AU - Lund, Torben E.
AU - Bliksted, Vibeke
AU - Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard
AU - Mors, Ole
AU - Plessen, Kerstin Jessica
AU - Nordentoft, Merete
AU - Siebner, Hartwig Roman
N1 - © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESES: Impaired executive control is a potential prognostic and endophenotypic marker of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP). Assessing children with familial high-risk (FHR) of SZ or BP enables characterization of early risk markers and we hypothesize that they express impaired executive control as well as aberrant brain activation compared to population-based control (PBC) children.STUDY DESIGN: Using a flanker task, we examined executive control together with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 11- to 12-year-old children with FHR of SZ (FHR-SZ) or FHR of BP (FHR-BP) and PBC children as part of a register-based, prospective cohort-study; The Danish High Risk and Resilience study-VIA 11.STUDY RESULTS: We included 85 (44% female) FHR-SZ, 63 (52% female) FHR-BP and 98 (50% female) PBC in the analyses. Executive control effects, caused by the spatial visuomotor conflict, showed no differences between groups. Bayesian ANOVA of reaction time (RT) variability, quantified by the coefficient of variation (CVRT), revealed a group effect with similarly higher CVRT in FHR-BP and FHR-SZ compared to PBC (BF10 = 6.82). The fMRI analyses revealed no evidence for between-group differences in task-related brain activation. Post hoc analyses excluding children with psychiatric illness yielded same results.CONCLUSION: FHR-SZ and FHR-BP at age 11-12 show intact ability to resolve a spatial visuomotor conflict and neural efficacy. The increased variability in RT may reflect difficulties in maintaining sustained attention. Since variability in RT was independent of existing psychiatric illness, it may reflect a potential endophenotypic marker of risk.
AB - BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESES: Impaired executive control is a potential prognostic and endophenotypic marker of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP). Assessing children with familial high-risk (FHR) of SZ or BP enables characterization of early risk markers and we hypothesize that they express impaired executive control as well as aberrant brain activation compared to population-based control (PBC) children.STUDY DESIGN: Using a flanker task, we examined executive control together with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 11- to 12-year-old children with FHR of SZ (FHR-SZ) or FHR of BP (FHR-BP) and PBC children as part of a register-based, prospective cohort-study; The Danish High Risk and Resilience study-VIA 11.STUDY RESULTS: We included 85 (44% female) FHR-SZ, 63 (52% female) FHR-BP and 98 (50% female) PBC in the analyses. Executive control effects, caused by the spatial visuomotor conflict, showed no differences between groups. Bayesian ANOVA of reaction time (RT) variability, quantified by the coefficient of variation (CVRT), revealed a group effect with similarly higher CVRT in FHR-BP and FHR-SZ compared to PBC (BF10 = 6.82). The fMRI analyses revealed no evidence for between-group differences in task-related brain activation. Post hoc analyses excluding children with psychiatric illness yielded same results.CONCLUSION: FHR-SZ and FHR-BP at age 11-12 show intact ability to resolve a spatial visuomotor conflict and neural efficacy. The increased variability in RT may reflect difficulties in maintaining sustained attention. Since variability in RT was independent of existing psychiatric illness, it may reflect a potential endophenotypic marker of risk.
U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbad134
DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbad134
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37756493
VL - 50
SP - 567
EP - 578
JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin
JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin
SN - 0586-7614
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 387372433