TY - JOUR

T1 - The physical properties of generic latanoprost ophthalmic solutions are not identical

AU - Kolko, Miriam

AU - Koch Jensen, Peter

N1 - © 2017 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2017/6

Y1 - 2017/6

N2 - PURPOSE: To compare various characteristics of Xalatan® and five generic latanoprost ophthalmic solutions.METHODS: Drop size, volume, pH values, buffer capacity, viscosity, hardness of bottles and costs were determined. Drop sizes were measured in triplicates by micropipettes, and the number of drops counted in three separate bottles of each generic product was determined. pH values were measured in triplicates by a calibrated pH meter. Buffer capacity was exploited by titrating known quantities of strong base into 2.5 ml of each brand and interpolated to neutral pH. Kinematic viscosity was determined by linear regression of timed gravity flow from a vertical syringe through a 21-G cannula. The hardness of the bottles was evaluated by gradually increasing tension on a hook placed around each bottle until a drop was expelled reading the tension on an attached spring scale.RESULTS: Drop sizes and the number of drops in the bottles varied significantly between the generic drugs. The control value of pH in the brand version (Xalatan® ) was markedly lower compared to the generic latanoprost products. Titration of Xalatan® to neutrality required substantially more NaOH compared to the generic latanoprost products. Finally, the viscosity revealed a significant variability between brands. Remarkable differences were found in bottle shapes, bottle hardness and costs of the latanoprost generics.CONCLUSION: Generic latanoprost eye drops should not be considered identical to the original brand version as regards to drop size, volumes, pH values, buffer capacity, viscosity, hardness of bottles and costs. It is likely that these issues affect compliance and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect. Therefore, re-evaluation of the requirements for introducing generic eye drops seems reasonable.

AB - PURPOSE: To compare various characteristics of Xalatan® and five generic latanoprost ophthalmic solutions.METHODS: Drop size, volume, pH values, buffer capacity, viscosity, hardness of bottles and costs were determined. Drop sizes were measured in triplicates by micropipettes, and the number of drops counted in three separate bottles of each generic product was determined. pH values were measured in triplicates by a calibrated pH meter. Buffer capacity was exploited by titrating known quantities of strong base into 2.5 ml of each brand and interpolated to neutral pH. Kinematic viscosity was determined by linear regression of timed gravity flow from a vertical syringe through a 21-G cannula. The hardness of the bottles was evaluated by gradually increasing tension on a hook placed around each bottle until a drop was expelled reading the tension on an attached spring scale.RESULTS: Drop sizes and the number of drops in the bottles varied significantly between the generic drugs. The control value of pH in the brand version (Xalatan® ) was markedly lower compared to the generic latanoprost products. Titration of Xalatan® to neutrality required substantially more NaOH compared to the generic latanoprost products. Finally, the viscosity revealed a significant variability between brands. Remarkable differences were found in bottle shapes, bottle hardness and costs of the latanoprost generics.CONCLUSION: Generic latanoprost eye drops should not be considered identical to the original brand version as regards to drop size, volumes, pH values, buffer capacity, viscosity, hardness of bottles and costs. It is likely that these issues affect compliance and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect. Therefore, re-evaluation of the requirements for introducing generic eye drops seems reasonable.

KW - Antihypertensive Agents

KW - Drug Costs

KW - Drugs, Generic

KW - Glaucoma

KW - Humans

KW - Intraocular Pressure

KW - Ophthalmic Solutions

KW - Prostaglandins F, Synthetic

KW - Tonometry, Ocular

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1111/aos.13355

DO - 10.1111/aos.13355

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28229536

VL - 95

SP - 370

EP - 373

JO - Acta Ophthalmologica

JF - Acta Ophthalmologica

SN - 1755-375X

IS - 4

ER -