Pituitary–gonadal hormones associated with respiratory failure in men and women hospitalized with COVID-19: an observational cohort study
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Pituitary–gonadal hormones associated with respiratory failure in men and women hospitalized with COVID-19 : an observational cohort study. / Clausen, Clara Lundetoft; Johannsen, Trine Holm; Skakkebæk, Niels Erik; Frederiksen, Hanne; Ryrsø, Camilla Koch; Dungu, Arnold Matovu; Hegelund, Maria Hein; Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel; Krogh-Madsen, Rikke; Lindegaard, Birgitte; Linneberg, Allan; Kårhus, Line Lund; Juul, Anders; Benfield, Thomas.
In: Endocrine Connections, Vol. 12, No. 1, e220444, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Pituitary–gonadal hormones associated with respiratory failure in men and women hospitalized with COVID-19
T2 - an observational cohort study
AU - Clausen, Clara Lundetoft
AU - Johannsen, Trine Holm
AU - Skakkebæk, Niels Erik
AU - Frederiksen, Hanne
AU - Ryrsø, Camilla Koch
AU - Dungu, Arnold Matovu
AU - Hegelund, Maria Hein
AU - Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel
AU - Krogh-Madsen, Rikke
AU - Lindegaard, Birgitte
AU - Linneberg, Allan
AU - Kårhus, Line Lund
AU - Juul, Anders
AU - Benfield, Thomas
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The authors Published by Bioscientifica Ltd.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Aim: To explore pituitary–gonadal hormone concentrations and assess their association with inflammation, severe respiratory failure, and mortality in hospitalized men and women with COVID-19, and compare these to hormone concentrations in hospitalized patients with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and influenza virus CAP and to concentrations in a reference group of healthy individuals. Methods: Serum concentrations of testosterone, estrone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured within 4 days of admission. Associations were assessed by logistic regression analysis in patients with COVID-19, and results were reported as odds ratio with 95% CI per two-fold reduction after adjustment for age, comorbidities, days to sample collection, and IL-6 concentrations. Results: In total, 278 patients with COVID-19, 21 with influenza virus CAP, and 76 with bacterial CAP were included. Testosterone concentrations were suppressed in men hospitalized with COVID-19, bacterial and influenza virus CAP, and moderately suppressed in women. Reductions in testosterone (OR: 3.43 (1.14–10.30), P = 0.028) and LH (OR: 2.51 (1.28–4.92), P = 0.008) were associated with higher odds of mehanical ventilation (MV) in men with COVID-19. In women with COVID-19, reductions in LH (OR: 3.34 (1.02–10-90), P = 0.046) and FSH (OR: 2.52 (1.01–6.27), P = 0.047) were associated with higher odds of MV. Conclusion: Low testosterone and LH concentrations were predictive of severe respiratory failure in men with COVID-19, whereas low concentrations of LH and FSH were predictive of severe respiratory failure in women with COVID-19.
AB - Aim: To explore pituitary–gonadal hormone concentrations and assess their association with inflammation, severe respiratory failure, and mortality in hospitalized men and women with COVID-19, and compare these to hormone concentrations in hospitalized patients with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and influenza virus CAP and to concentrations in a reference group of healthy individuals. Methods: Serum concentrations of testosterone, estrone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured within 4 days of admission. Associations were assessed by logistic regression analysis in patients with COVID-19, and results were reported as odds ratio with 95% CI per two-fold reduction after adjustment for age, comorbidities, days to sample collection, and IL-6 concentrations. Results: In total, 278 patients with COVID-19, 21 with influenza virus CAP, and 76 with bacterial CAP were included. Testosterone concentrations were suppressed in men hospitalized with COVID-19, bacterial and influenza virus CAP, and moderately suppressed in women. Reductions in testosterone (OR: 3.43 (1.14–10.30), P = 0.028) and LH (OR: 2.51 (1.28–4.92), P = 0.008) were associated with higher odds of mehanical ventilation (MV) in men with COVID-19. In women with COVID-19, reductions in LH (OR: 3.34 (1.02–10-90), P = 0.046) and FSH (OR: 2.52 (1.01–6.27), P = 0.047) were associated with higher odds of MV. Conclusion: Low testosterone and LH concentrations were predictive of severe respiratory failure in men with COVID-19, whereas low concentrations of LH and FSH were predictive of severe respiratory failure in women with COVID-19.
KW - COVID-19
KW - estrone-sulfate
KW - FSH
KW - hypogonadism
KW - LH
KW - morbidity
KW - mortality
KW - testosterone
U2 - 10.1530/EC-22-0444
DO - 10.1530/EC-22-0444
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36472925
AN - SCOPUS:85146297732
VL - 12
JO - Endocrine Connections
JF - Endocrine Connections
SN - 2049-3614
IS - 1
M1 - e220444
ER -
ID: 334264812