Incidence of bacterial respiratory infection and pneumonia in people with HIV with and without airflow limitation
Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Documents
- Fulltext
Final published version, 1.9 MB, PDF document
Objectives: We aimed to determine the incidence rate, pathogen composition, and risk factors, particularly airflow limitation, associated with bacterial respiratory infection and pneumonia in a prospective cohort of well-treated people with HIV (PWH) between 2015-2021. Methods: We included 1007 PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV infection (COCOMO) study. Spirometry was performed at inclusion. Microbiology samples were collected prospectively. Cumulative incidence was determined by the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate risk factors, adjusted for traditional and HIV-specific variables. Results: The incidence rates of first bacterial respiratory infection and pneumonia were 12.4 (95% CI 9.7-15.5) and 5.5 (95% CI: 3.8-7.7) per 1000 person-years, respectively. The cumulative incidence of pneumonia was four times higher in PWH with airflow limitation (11.8% vs 3.2%, P <0.001). Risk factors for bacterial respiratory infection were airflow limitation (hazard ratio [HR] 2.9, [95% CI: 1.7-5.1], P <0.001), smoking (HR 2.3, [95% CI: 1.4-3.8], P <0.001), and previous AIDS-defining event (HR 2.0, [95% CI: 1.2-3.3], P = 0.009). For pneumonia, airflow limitation (HR 2.7, [95% CI: 1.2-6.3], P = 0.016), smoking (HR 2.5, [95% CI: 1.2-5.4], P = 0.016), and older age (HR 1.5, [95% CI: 1.1-2.1], P = 0.015) were identified as risk factors. Conclusions: Increased emphasis on airflow limitation prevention, including smoking cessation, may reduce the burden of bacterial respiratory infection and pneumonia in PWH.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Journal | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Volume | 139 |
Pages (from-to) | 183-191 |
Number of pages | 9 |
ISSN | 1201-9712 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
- Airflow limitation, HIV, Pneumonia, Smoking, Spirometry, Streptococcus pneumoniae
Research areas
ID: 380292556