TY - JOUR

T1 - Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia, Part II

T2 - Phenomenological Qualities and Evolution

AU - Yttri, Janne Elin

AU - Urfer-Parnas, Annick

AU - Parnas, Josef

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Hallucination is defined in the diagnostic systems as an experience resembling true perception without causal stimulus. In this second report from an in-depth phenomenological study of schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), we focused on the phenomenological qualities of AVHs. We found that a substantial proportion of patients could not clearly distinguish between thinking and hallucinating. The emotional tone of the voices increased in negativity. AVHs became more complex. Spatial localization was ambiguous and only 10% experienced only external hallucinations. There was an overlap with passivity phenomena in one third of the cases. The patients occasionally acted upon the content of AVHs. In the discussion section, we criticize the perceptual model of AVHs. We conclude that the definition of AVH in schizophrenia is misleading and exerts negative consequences on the clinical work and empirical research.

AB - Hallucination is defined in the diagnostic systems as an experience resembling true perception without causal stimulus. In this second report from an in-depth phenomenological study of schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), we focused on the phenomenological qualities of AVHs. We found that a substantial proportion of patients could not clearly distinguish between thinking and hallucinating. The emotional tone of the voices increased in negativity. AVHs became more complex. Spatial localization was ambiguous and only 10% experienced only external hallucinations. There was an overlap with passivity phenomena in one third of the cases. The patients occasionally acted upon the content of AVHs. In the discussion section, we criticize the perceptual model of AVHs. We conclude that the definition of AVH in schizophrenia is misleading and exerts negative consequences on the clinical work and empirical research.

KW - Auditory verbal hallucination

KW - diagnostic criteria

KW - perceptual model

KW - phenomenology

KW - schizophrenia

U2 - 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001514

DO - 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001514

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35383683

AN - SCOPUS:85137134667

VL - 210

SP - 659

EP - 664

JO - Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

JF - Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease

SN - 0022-3018

IS - 9

ER -