Reversibility of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Background and Aims: Weight gain is a major adverse effect of antipsychotic medication, negatively affecting physical and mental well-being. The objective of this study was to explore if dose reduction, discontinuation, switch to a partial agonist, or switch from polypharmacy to monotherapy will lead to weight loss. Methods: Controlled and uncontrolled studies reporting the effects of discontinuation, dose reduction, switch to a partial agonist, or switch from polypharmacy to monotherapy on weight were included. Primary outcome was difference in weight compared to maintenance groups based on controlled studies. Secondary outcome was change in weight from initiation of one of the included interventions until follow-up in a pre-post analysis. Results: We identified 40 randomized controlled trials and 15 uncontrolled studies including 12,279 individuals. The effect of the interventions, i.e. dose reduction, drug discontinuation, or switch to a partial agonis, reduced the weight with 1.5 kg (95% CI −2.03 to −0.98; P < 0.001) compared to maintenance treatment. The weight change from pre to post was a reduction of 1.13 kg (95% CI −1.36 to −0.90; P < 0.001). Conclusion: We found a significant but small reduction in weight, suggesting that antipsychotic-induced weight gain can be reversed to some degree. Only a few studies were designed to address the question as primary outcome, which limits the generalizability of our findings.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer577919
TidsskriftFrontiers in Endocrinology
Vol/bind12
Antal sider14
ISSN1664-2392
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
We want to thank Dr. Nina Vindegaard S?rensen for valuable input during the writing process.

Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Speyer, Westergaard, Albert, Karlsen, Stürup, Nordentoft and Krogh.

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