Conflicting Evidence on Health Effects Associated with Salt Reduction Calls for a Redesign of the Salt Dietary Guidelines
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Conflicting Evidence on Health Effects Associated with Salt Reduction Calls for a Redesign of the Salt Dietary Guidelines. / Graudal, Niels; Jürgens, Gesche.
I: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Bind 61, Nr. 1, 2018, s. 20-26.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Conflicting Evidence on Health Effects Associated with Salt Reduction Calls for a Redesign of the Salt Dietary Guidelines
AU - Graudal, Niels
AU - Jürgens, Gesche
N1 - Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Ninety-five percent of the World's populations have a mean salt intake between 6 and 12 g, which is much lower than the tolerated daily level of up to 55 g/d. In spite of this, the recommended upper level by many health institutions is as low as 5.8 g/day. When reviewing the evidence for an upper level of 5.8 g/day, it becomes apparent that neither the supporting studies selected by the health institutions, nor randomized controlled trials and prospective observational studies disregarded by the health institutions, document that a salt intake below this 5.8 g, has beneficial health effects. Although there is an association between salt intake and blood pressure, both in randomized controlled trials and in observational studies, this association is weak, especially in non-obese individuals with normal blood pressure. Furthermore a salt intake below 5.8 g is associated with the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system, an increase in plasma lipids and increased mortality. A redesign of the salt dietary guidelines, therefore, seems to be needed.
AB - Ninety-five percent of the World's populations have a mean salt intake between 6 and 12 g, which is much lower than the tolerated daily level of up to 55 g/d. In spite of this, the recommended upper level by many health institutions is as low as 5.8 g/day. When reviewing the evidence for an upper level of 5.8 g/day, it becomes apparent that neither the supporting studies selected by the health institutions, nor randomized controlled trials and prospective observational studies disregarded by the health institutions, document that a salt intake below this 5.8 g, has beneficial health effects. Although there is an association between salt intake and blood pressure, both in randomized controlled trials and in observational studies, this association is weak, especially in non-obese individuals with normal blood pressure. Furthermore a salt intake below 5.8 g is associated with the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system, an increase in plasma lipids and increased mortality. A redesign of the salt dietary guidelines, therefore, seems to be needed.
KW - Blood Pressure
KW - Diet, Sodium-Restricted/adverse effects
KW - Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension/adverse effects
KW - Evidence-Based Medicine
KW - Hormones/blood
KW - Humans
KW - Hypertension/diet therapy
KW - Lipids/blood
KW - Recommended Dietary Allowances
KW - Renin-Angiotensin System
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Sodium Chloride, Dietary/adverse effects
U2 - 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.04.008
DO - 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.04.008
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 29727609
VL - 61
SP - 20
EP - 26
JO - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
SN - 0033-0620
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 222166912