Malignant hematologic diseases resistant to chemotherapy can be cured by immune cellular therapy. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) elicits a "pan-immunologic" attack, whereas therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T is a targeted attack. The immunologic activity after BMT can be adjusted by selection of donor cells before transplantation, or with post-BMT sequential chemotherapy. Many haematologic diseases are clonal, and the development of CAR-T cellular therapy directed against a variety of epitopes is under development as summarised in this review.