Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood autism spectrum disorders: A Parental Exposures and Child Health (PECH) cohort study
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Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood autism spectrum disorders : A Parental Exposures and Child Health (PECH) cohort study. / Hargreave, Marie; Jezek, Andrea H.; Hemmingsen, Caroline H.; Andersen, Elisabeth AW; Pagsberg, Anne K.; Holmberg, Teresa; Mørch, Lina S.; Kjær, Susanne K.
I: Psychiatry Research, Bind 332, 115695, 2024.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood autism spectrum disorders
T2 - A Parental Exposures and Child Health (PECH) cohort study
AU - Hargreave, Marie
AU - Jezek, Andrea H.
AU - Hemmingsen, Caroline H.
AU - Andersen, Elisabeth AW
AU - Pagsberg, Anne K.
AU - Holmberg, Teresa
AU - Mørch, Lina S.
AU - Kjær, Susanne K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - A recent hypothesis suggests that maternal hormonal contraception use has contributed to the increasing incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We used a nationwide population-based cohort (the PECH cohort) including 1,056,149 Danish children born in the period January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2014, to assess associations between maternal hormonal contraception use and childhood ASD (end of follow-up: December 31, 2017). Maternal hormonal contraception use was grouped as “recent use” (≤ 3 months before pregnancy start or during pregnancy), “previous use” (>3 months before pregnancy start) and “never use”, except for few products. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated using Poisson regression. During follow-up of nearly 12 million person-years, 19,996 children were diagnosed with ASD. A slightly higher IRR was observed for maternal recent use of any hormonal contraception, compared to previous use. This association was largely driven by the non-oral progestin-only products, and associations were especially seen for infantile autism and other/unspecified ASD. An increased IRR of infantile autism was also observed for recent use of the oral progestin-only products, compared to previous use. Our results suggest that maternal use of hormonal contraception may be associated with ASD risk in children, especially for the progestin-only products.
AB - A recent hypothesis suggests that maternal hormonal contraception use has contributed to the increasing incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We used a nationwide population-based cohort (the PECH cohort) including 1,056,149 Danish children born in the period January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2014, to assess associations between maternal hormonal contraception use and childhood ASD (end of follow-up: December 31, 2017). Maternal hormonal contraception use was grouped as “recent use” (≤ 3 months before pregnancy start or during pregnancy), “previous use” (>3 months before pregnancy start) and “never use”, except for few products. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated using Poisson regression. During follow-up of nearly 12 million person-years, 19,996 children were diagnosed with ASD. A slightly higher IRR was observed for maternal recent use of any hormonal contraception, compared to previous use. This association was largely driven by the non-oral progestin-only products, and associations were especially seen for infantile autism and other/unspecified ASD. An increased IRR of infantile autism was also observed for recent use of the oral progestin-only products, compared to previous use. Our results suggest that maternal use of hormonal contraception may be associated with ASD risk in children, especially for the progestin-only products.
KW - ASD
KW - Children
KW - Cohort study
KW - Denmark
KW - Drugs in pregnancy
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Parental exposure
U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115695
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115695
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38157710
AN - SCOPUS:85181230627
VL - 332
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
SN - 0165-1781
M1 - 115695
ER -
ID: 379160577