TY - JOUR

T1 - Inhaled corticosteroids and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

T2 - a retrospective cohort study

AU - Rønn, Christian

AU - Kamstrup, Peter

AU - Heerfordt, Christian Kjer

AU - Sivapalan, Pradeesh

AU - Eklöf, Josefin

AU - Boel, Jonas Bredtoft

AU - Ostergaard, Christian

AU - Dessau, Ram Benny

AU - Moberg, Mia

AU - Janner, Julie

AU - Ulrik, Charlotte Suppli

AU - Jensen, Jens Ulrik Stæhr

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Objectives Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, ICS are associated with an increased risk of adverse effects. We aimed to determine whether an association between a lower respiratory tract culture with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and increasing ICS dosing in patients with COPD exists. Design An observational cohort study of outpatients with COPD in Denmark between 2010 and 2018. ICS exposure was categorised into four groups based on average daily consumption 1 year prior to inclusion: no use, low ICS dose (≤400 µg), moderate ICS dose (400-800 µg) and high ICS dose (>800 µg). Dose-response relationship was investigated by a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Of the total 22 689 patients, 459 had lower respiratory tract cultures positive for S. maltophilia. The HR of S. maltophilia increased with increasing daily ICS dose: low ICS dose HR 2.6 (95% CI 1.6 to 4.0), moderate ICS dose HR 3.0 (95% CI 1.9 to 4.6) and high ICS dose HR 5.7 (95% CI 3.8 to 8.5). Conclusions We found that ICS was associated with a high, dose-dependent increased hazard of S. maltophilia in outpatients with COPD. High dose users had a nearly six times increased hazard compared with non-users of ICS. When appropriate, attempts at de-escalating ICS treatment should be made.

AB - Objectives Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, ICS are associated with an increased risk of adverse effects. We aimed to determine whether an association between a lower respiratory tract culture with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and increasing ICS dosing in patients with COPD exists. Design An observational cohort study of outpatients with COPD in Denmark between 2010 and 2018. ICS exposure was categorised into four groups based on average daily consumption 1 year prior to inclusion: no use, low ICS dose (≤400 µg), moderate ICS dose (400-800 µg) and high ICS dose (>800 µg). Dose-response relationship was investigated by a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Of the total 22 689 patients, 459 had lower respiratory tract cultures positive for S. maltophilia. The HR of S. maltophilia increased with increasing daily ICS dose: low ICS dose HR 2.6 (95% CI 1.6 to 4.0), moderate ICS dose HR 3.0 (95% CI 1.9 to 4.6) and high ICS dose HR 5.7 (95% CI 3.8 to 8.5). Conclusions We found that ICS was associated with a high, dose-dependent increased hazard of S. maltophilia in outpatients with COPD. High dose users had a nearly six times increased hazard compared with non-users of ICS. When appropriate, attempts at de-escalating ICS treatment should be made.

U2 - 10.1136/ bmjresp-2023-001929

DO - 10.1136/ bmjresp-2023-001929

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 38460975

AN - SCOPUS:85187543385

VL - 11

JO - B M J Open Respiratory Research

JF - B M J Open Respiratory Research

SN - 2052-4439

IS - 1

M1 - e001929

ER -