Risk of intensive care unit admission and mortality in patients hospitalized due to influenza A or B and SARS‑CoV‑2 variants Omicron or Delta
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Respiratory viral infections have significant global health impacts. We compared 30-day intensive care unit (ICU) admission and all-cause mortality risks in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta and Omicron variants versus influenza A and B (A/B).
Methods
Data from two retrospective inpatient cohorts in Copenhagen were analyzed. Cohorts included hospitalized influenza A/B patients (2017–2018) and SARS-CoV-2 Delta/Omicron patients (2021–2022), aged ≥18 years, admitted within 14 days of a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction test result. Cumulative ICU admission and mortality rates were estimated using the Aalen–Johansen estimator. Cox regression models calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for ICU admission and mortality.
Results
The study encompassed 1459 inpatients (Delta: 49%; Omicron: 26%; influenza A: 6.4%; and influenza B: 18%). Cumulative incidence of ICU admission was 11%, 4.0%, 7.5%, and 4.1%, for Delta, Omicron, influenza A, and B, respectively. For ICU admission, adjusted HRs (aHRs) were 3.1 (p < .001) and 1.5 (p = .34) for Delta and Omicron versus influenza B, and 1.5 (p = .36) and 0.71 (p = .48) versus influenza A. For mortality, aHRs were 3.8 (p < .001) and 3.4 (p < .001) for Delta and Omicron versus influenza B, and 2.1 (p = .04) and 1.9 (p = .11) versus influenza A.
Conclusion
Delta but not Omicron inpatients had an increased risk for ICU admission compared to influenza B; however, both variants were associated with higher risks of mortality than influenza B. Only Delta inpatients had a higher risk of mortality than influenza A inpatients.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Artikelnummer | e1269 |
Tidsskrift | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
Vol/bind | 12 |
Udgave nummer | 7 |
Antal sider | 13 |
ISSN | 2050-4527 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 2024 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
The study was funded by Independent Research Fund (grant number 0134\u201000257B), the Lundbeck Foundation (grant number R349\u20102020\u2010835), the Helen Rudes Foundation, and the Danish Cancer Society (grant number KBVU\u2010MS R327\u2010A19137).
Funding Information:
O. R. received a grant from Rigshospitalet and a grant from A. P. M\u00F8ller Fonden not related to this work. Mads Ejberg has received research funding from the Danish Cancer Society (grant number KBVU\u2010M. S. R320\u2010A18526). K. T. F. has received grants from the Lundbeck Foundation (grant number R349\u20102020\u2010835). Z. B. H. received grants from the Independent Research Fund (grant number 0134\u201000257B), the Lundbeck Foundation (grant number R349\u20102020\u2010835), the Helen Rudes Foundation, and the Danish Cancer Society (grant number KBVU\u2010MS R327\u2010A19137).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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