The Role of Glucagon in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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The Role of Glucagon in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. / Hædersdal, Sofie; Lund, Asger; Knop, Filip K; Vilsbøll, Tina.
I: Mayo Clinic Proceedings, Bind 93, Nr. 2, 2018, s. 217-239.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Role of Glucagon in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
AU - Hædersdal, Sofie
AU - Lund, Asger
AU - Knop, Filip K
AU - Vilsbøll, Tina
N1 - Copyright © 2017 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Type 2 diabetes is a disease involving both inadequate insulin levels and increased glucagon levels. While glucagon and insulin work together to achieve optimal plasma glucose concentrations in healthy individuals, the usual regulatory balance between these 2 critical pancreatic hormones is awry in patients with diabetes. Although clinical discussion often focuses on the role of insulin, glucagon is equally important in understanding type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, an awareness of the role of glucagon is essential to appreciate differences in the mechanisms of action of various classes of glucose-lowering therapies. Newer drug classes such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improve glycemic control, in part, by affecting glucagon levels. This review provides an overview of the effect of glucose-lowering therapies on glucagon on the basis of an extensive PubMed literature search to identify clinical studies of glucose-lowering therapies in type 2 diabetes that included assessment of glucagon. Clinical practice currently benefits from available therapies that impact the glucagon regulatory pathway. As clinicians look to the future, improved treatment strategies are likely to emerge that will either use currently available therapies whose mechanisms of action complement each other or take advantage of new therapies based on an improved understanding of glucagon pathophysiology.
AB - Type 2 diabetes is a disease involving both inadequate insulin levels and increased glucagon levels. While glucagon and insulin work together to achieve optimal plasma glucose concentrations in healthy individuals, the usual regulatory balance between these 2 critical pancreatic hormones is awry in patients with diabetes. Although clinical discussion often focuses on the role of insulin, glucagon is equally important in understanding type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, an awareness of the role of glucagon is essential to appreciate differences in the mechanisms of action of various classes of glucose-lowering therapies. Newer drug classes such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists improve glycemic control, in part, by affecting glucagon levels. This review provides an overview of the effect of glucose-lowering therapies on glucagon on the basis of an extensive PubMed literature search to identify clinical studies of glucose-lowering therapies in type 2 diabetes that included assessment of glucagon. Clinical practice currently benefits from available therapies that impact the glucagon regulatory pathway. As clinicians look to the future, improved treatment strategies are likely to emerge that will either use currently available therapies whose mechanisms of action complement each other or take advantage of new therapies based on an improved understanding of glucagon pathophysiology.
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
KW - Glucagon/metabolism
KW - Humans
KW - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
KW - Insulin/metabolism
U2 - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.12.003
DO - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.12.003
M3 - Review
C2 - 29307553
VL - 93
SP - 217
EP - 239
JO - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
JF - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
SN - 0025-6196
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 212463933