Elevated white blood cell counts in ischemic stroke patients are associated with increased mortality and new vascular events
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Elevated white blood cell counts in ischemic stroke patients are associated with increased mortality and new vascular events. / Vo, Thao Phuong; Kristiansen, Marie Hvelplund; Hasselbalch, Hans Carl; Wienecke, Troels.
I: Frontiers in Neurology, Bind 14, 1232557, 2023.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - Elevated white blood cell counts in ischemic stroke patients are associated with increased mortality and new vascular events
AU - Vo, Thao Phuong
AU - Kristiansen, Marie Hvelplund
AU - Hasselbalch, Hans Carl
AU - Wienecke, Troels
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2023 Vo, Kristiansen, Hasselbalch and Wienecke.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background and purpose: High levels of white blood cells (WBC) in ischemic stroke have been shown to increase the risk of new vascular events and mortality in short and intermediate follow-up studies, but long-term effects remain unknown. We studied whether elevated levels of WBC in ischemic stroke patients are associated with new vascular events and mortality in a 10-year follow-up period. Methods: We included ischemic stroke patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2012, categorizing their WBC counts within 48 h of stroke onset as high or normal (3.5–8.8 × 109 mmol/L; >8.8 × 109 mmol/L). Using Aahlen Johansen and Cox proportional hazard models with competing risk, we analyzed the association between WBC levels and new vascular events. Kaplan–Meier and standard Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the risk of all-cause mortality. Results: Among 395 patients (median age 69, [IQR: 63, 78], female patients 38,0%), 38.5% had elevated WBC at admission. During the 10-year follow-up, 113 vascular events occurred, with 46% in patients with elevated WBC and 54% in patients with normal WBC. After adjusting for relevant factors, elevated WBC levels were independently associated with increased risk of new vascular events (HR: 1.61, CI: 1.09–2.39 p < 0.05) and death (HR: 1.55, CI: 1.15–2.09, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated WBC levels in ischemic stroke patients are linked to a higher risk of new vascular events and mortality. Thus, ischemic stroke patients with elevated WBC without clinical infection need special attention to investigate possible underlying conditions to prevent future vascular events and reduce mortality. The interpretation of our results is limited by the absence of adjustment to premorbid functional status, stroke severity, and stroke treatment.
AB - Background and purpose: High levels of white blood cells (WBC) in ischemic stroke have been shown to increase the risk of new vascular events and mortality in short and intermediate follow-up studies, but long-term effects remain unknown. We studied whether elevated levels of WBC in ischemic stroke patients are associated with new vascular events and mortality in a 10-year follow-up period. Methods: We included ischemic stroke patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2012, categorizing their WBC counts within 48 h of stroke onset as high or normal (3.5–8.8 × 109 mmol/L; >8.8 × 109 mmol/L). Using Aahlen Johansen and Cox proportional hazard models with competing risk, we analyzed the association between WBC levels and new vascular events. Kaplan–Meier and standard Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the risk of all-cause mortality. Results: Among 395 patients (median age 69, [IQR: 63, 78], female patients 38,0%), 38.5% had elevated WBC at admission. During the 10-year follow-up, 113 vascular events occurred, with 46% in patients with elevated WBC and 54% in patients with normal WBC. After adjusting for relevant factors, elevated WBC levels were independently associated with increased risk of new vascular events (HR: 1.61, CI: 1.09–2.39 p < 0.05) and death (HR: 1.55, CI: 1.15–2.09, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated WBC levels in ischemic stroke patients are linked to a higher risk of new vascular events and mortality. Thus, ischemic stroke patients with elevated WBC without clinical infection need special attention to investigate possible underlying conditions to prevent future vascular events and reduce mortality. The interpretation of our results is limited by the absence of adjustment to premorbid functional status, stroke severity, and stroke treatment.
KW - 10 year follow up
KW - ischemic stroke
KW - mortality
KW - vascular event
KW - WBC (leukocyte)
U2 - 10.3389/fneur.2023.1232557
DO - 10.3389/fneur.2023.1232557
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37771455
AN - SCOPUS:85172169722
VL - 14
JO - Frontiers in Neurology
JF - Frontiers in Neurology
SN - 1664-2295
M1 - 1232557
ER -
ID: 370586892