TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-Term Safety Following Faecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Treatment for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Compared with Patients Treated with a Fixed Bacterial Mixture

T2 - Results from a Retrospective Cohort Study

AU - Cold, Frederik

AU - Svensson, Camilla Kara

AU - Petersen, Andreas Munk

AU - Hansen, Lars Hestbjerg

AU - Helms, Morten

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the recommended treatment for recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) following a second recurrence. FMT is considered safe in the short term when procedures for the screening of donors and transferred material are followed. However, the long-term safety profile of FMT treatment is largely unknown. In a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the long-term safety of patients treated for rCDI with FMT or a fixed bacterial mixture, rectal bacteriotherapy (RBT). The overall survival, risk of hospital admission, onset of certain pre-specified diseases (cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and inflammatory bowel disease) and risk of being diagnosed with a multidrug-resistant organism were assessed by undertaking a review of the treated patients’ medical records for up to five years following treatment. A total of 280 patients were treated for rCDI with FMT (n = 145) or RBT (n = 135) between 2016 and 2020. In the five years following treatment, there were no differences in survival (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.03; 95% CI 0.68–1.56), p = 0.89), risk of hospital admission ((aHR 0.92; 95% CI 0.72–1.18), p = 0.5) or onset of any of the analysed diseases. In conclusion, FMT was not associated with increased mortality, risk of hospital admission or onset of disease following treatment when compared with RBT.

AB - Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the recommended treatment for recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) following a second recurrence. FMT is considered safe in the short term when procedures for the screening of donors and transferred material are followed. However, the long-term safety profile of FMT treatment is largely unknown. In a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the long-term safety of patients treated for rCDI with FMT or a fixed bacterial mixture, rectal bacteriotherapy (RBT). The overall survival, risk of hospital admission, onset of certain pre-specified diseases (cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and inflammatory bowel disease) and risk of being diagnosed with a multidrug-resistant organism were assessed by undertaking a review of the treated patients’ medical records for up to five years following treatment. A total of 280 patients were treated for rCDI with FMT (n = 145) or RBT (n = 135) between 2016 and 2020. In the five years following treatment, there were no differences in survival (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.03; 95% CI 0.68–1.56), p = 0.89), risk of hospital admission ((aHR 0.92; 95% CI 0.72–1.18), p = 0.5) or onset of any of the analysed diseases. In conclusion, FMT was not associated with increased mortality, risk of hospital admission or onset of disease following treatment when compared with RBT.

KW - Faecal microbiota

KW - FMT

KW - Gut microbiome

KW - IBD

KW - Long-term

KW - Multidrug-resistant organism

KW - Rectal bacteriotherapy

KW - Safety

KW - Survival

U2 - 10.3390/cells11030435

DO - 10.3390/cells11030435

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35159245

AN - SCOPUS:85123350199

VL - 11

JO - Cells

JF - Cells

SN - 2073-4409

IS - 3

M1 - 435

ER -