TY - JOUR

T1 - Monocyte count and soluble markers of monocyte activation in people living with HIV and uninfected controls

AU - Knudsen, Andreas D.

AU - Bouazzi, Randa

AU - Afzal, Shoaib

AU - Gelpi, Marco

AU - Benfield, Thomas

AU - Høgh, Julie

AU - Thomsen, Magda Teresa

AU - Trøseid, Marius

AU - Nordestgaard, Børge G.

AU - Nielsen, Susanne D.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by The Danish Heart Foundation, Novo Nordisk foundation, Augustinus Foundation, Gilead Sciences, Lundbeck foundation and Rigshospitalet Research Council. Funding Information: A.D.K has received a grant from The Danish Heart Foundation and a travelling grant from Gilead unrelated to this manuscript; S.D.N. has received unrestricted research grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation, Lundbeck Foundation, Augustinus Foundation, Rigshospitalet Research Council. Travelling grants from Gilead. Advisory board activity for Gilead and GSK/ViiV, all unrelated to this manuscript. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/12

Y1 - 2022/12

N2 - Background: Monocytes play an important role in inflammation, and monocytosis and monocyte activation are features of chronic inflammation. We aimed to investigate if HIV status was associated with monocyte count and monocyte activation and to assess the relationship between monocyte count and monocyte activation markers and HIV-related factors. Methods: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) with measured monocyte count and sCD14 and sCD163 were included from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV infection (COCOMO) study and matched 1:5 on sex and age with uninfected controls. In addition, 74 uninfected individuals from COCOMO with measured sCD14 and sCD163 were included. Identical protocols and equipment were used to determine monocyte counts and monocyte activation in PLWH and uninfected controls. Linear regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking and waist-to-hip-ratio was used to analyze the association between possible risk factors and monocyte outcomes. Results: We included 871 PLWH and 4355 uninfected controls. PLWH had − 0.021 [− 0.031 − 0.011] × 109/L) lower monocyte count than uninfected controls, and in adjusted analyses HIV status was independently associated with − 0.035 [− 0.045, − 0.025] × 109/L lower monocyte count. In contrast, PLWH had higher sCD163 and sCD14 concentrations than uninfected controls. After adjustment, HIV-status was associated with higher sCD14 and sCD163 concentrations (588 [325, 851] ng/ml, and 194 [57, 330] ng/ml, respectively). Conclusion: PLWH had lower monocyte counts than controls, but the absolute difference was small, and any clinical impact is likely limited. In contrast, concentrations of monocyte activation markers, previously implicated as drivers of non-AIDS comorbidity, were higher in PLWH than in controls.

AB - Background: Monocytes play an important role in inflammation, and monocytosis and monocyte activation are features of chronic inflammation. We aimed to investigate if HIV status was associated with monocyte count and monocyte activation and to assess the relationship between monocyte count and monocyte activation markers and HIV-related factors. Methods: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) with measured monocyte count and sCD14 and sCD163 were included from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV infection (COCOMO) study and matched 1:5 on sex and age with uninfected controls. In addition, 74 uninfected individuals from COCOMO with measured sCD14 and sCD163 were included. Identical protocols and equipment were used to determine monocyte counts and monocyte activation in PLWH and uninfected controls. Linear regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking and waist-to-hip-ratio was used to analyze the association between possible risk factors and monocyte outcomes. Results: We included 871 PLWH and 4355 uninfected controls. PLWH had − 0.021 [− 0.031 − 0.011] × 109/L) lower monocyte count than uninfected controls, and in adjusted analyses HIV status was independently associated with − 0.035 [− 0.045, − 0.025] × 109/L lower monocyte count. In contrast, PLWH had higher sCD163 and sCD14 concentrations than uninfected controls. After adjustment, HIV-status was associated with higher sCD14 and sCD163 concentrations (588 [325, 851] ng/ml, and 194 [57, 330] ng/ml, respectively). Conclusion: PLWH had lower monocyte counts than controls, but the absolute difference was small, and any clinical impact is likely limited. In contrast, concentrations of monocyte activation markers, previously implicated as drivers of non-AIDS comorbidity, were higher in PLWH than in controls.

KW - Chronic inflammation

KW - HIV

KW - Monocyte activation markers

KW - Monocytes

KW - Monocytopenia

KW - Soluble CD14

KW - Soluble CD163

U2 - 10.1186/s12879-022-07450-y

DO - 10.1186/s12879-022-07450-y

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35546661

AN - SCOPUS:85130633525

VL - 22

JO - B M C Infectious Diseases

JF - B M C Infectious Diseases

SN - 1471-2334

IS - 1

M1 - 451

ER -