To summarize recent findings regarding the utility of optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis. We searched PubMed for relevant articles using the keywords 'optical coherence tomography multiple sclerosis'. Additional articles were found via references in these articles. We selected articles based on relevance. Optical coherence tomography has contributed to greater insights into the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Loss of retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer thickness correlate with clinical and paraclinical parameters such as visual function, disability and magnetic resonance imaging. Some studies indicate that OCT parameters may be able to predict disability progression and visual function in MS. OCT angiography has recently emerged as a novel technique to study MS. OCT has proven very useful with regards to research, monitoring and predicting disability in multiple sclerosis. It will be interesting to see how OCT angiography will contribute to this field.